![]() The search for substances that provide a pleasant and sufficient sweetening power without triggering the mentioned side effects led to the discovery of 5-keto- D-fructose (5-KF, 5-ketofructose, 5-oxofructose, 5-dehydro- D-fructose, threo-2,5-hexodiulose), a natural diketone found in honey, white wine, and vinegar in low concentrations ( Burroughs and Sparks, 1973 Schiessl et al., 2021). Laxative effects and flatulence, on the other hand, are more likely caused by sugar alcohols due to their higher intake rates and water-pulling properties ( Mäkinen, 2016). Unpleasant off-tastes are more prevalent among synthetic sweeteners such as saccharin or cyclamate, which taste bitter or metallic, for example ( Chattopadhyay et al., 2014). However, many of the available sugar substitutes are characterized by unpleasant off-tastes ( Schiffman et al., 1995) and have been shown to induce laxative effects, flatulence ( Grembecka, 2015), or undesirable modulation of the gut microbiota ( Suez et al., 2014). Due to their reduced or non-existent caloric value, these substances are counteracting the spread of sugar-associated first-world diseases ( Kroger et al., 2006 Chattopadhyay et al., 2014). Over the past decades, numerous sugar alcohols and synthetic sweeteners have been approved as sugar substitutes. This causality and the growing awareness among consumers about the adverse effects of excessive sugar consumption are leading to an increasing demand for suitable sugar substitutes. The inherent reactivity of 5-KF as well as the Maillard products formed could be the trigger for the observed inhibition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.Ī growing body of epidemiological evidence supports the claim that excessive sugar consumption elevates the abundance of first-world diseases, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases ( Johnson et al., 2007 Dekker et al., 2010 Hu and Malik, 2010 Malik et al., 2010 Tappy and Lê, 2010 Aragno and Mastrocola, 2017). The studies performed revealed that in the presence of amines, 5-KF promoted a strong Maillard reaction. Since these effects already occurred at concentrations of 5 mM, the use of 5-KF in the food sector should be avoided. Furthermore, cell viability assays confirmed severe cytotoxicity of 5-KF toward the colon cancer cell line HT-29. It was found that the compound significantly inhibited the growth of the gram-positive and gram-negative model organisms Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 5-KF on the viability of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. However, data on the toxicology of the compound are completely lacking to date. Based on a genetically modified variant of the acetic acid bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans 621H, an efficient process for the microbial production of 5-KF was recently developed. Since 5-KF has a sweetening power comparable to fructose and is presumably calorie-free, there is great interest in making the diketone commercially available as a new sugar substitute. The oxidation of D-fructose to 5-KF is catalyzed by the membrane-bound fructose dehydrogenase complex found in several acetic acid bacteria. 2German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute for the Protection of Terrestrial Infrastructures, Sankt Augustin, Germanyĥ-Keto- D-fructose (5-KF) is a natural diketone occurring in micromolar concentrations in honey, white wine, and vinegar.1Institute for Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. ![]() Marcel Hövels 1 Nicole Gallala 1 Samara Lisa Keriakes 1 Anna Paulina König 1 Jacqueline Schiessl 1 Tobias Laporte 1 Konrad Kosciow 2 Uwe Deppenmeier 1*
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![]() “Charlene’s leadership and strategic vision continue to be instrumental in developing DGMN to better serve Dollar General’s markets and customers,” shared Chad Fox, Dollar General’s vice president and chief marketing officer. The award recognizes her strategic vision in leading DGMN to unlock the next generation of growth for Dollar General's advertising partners. Most issuers post funds within 24 hours. Money in 10 Days: No fee for 10 days delayed funding.ĥ Fee may be assessed by reload location and may vary from location to location.Dollar General is proud to announce Charlene Charles, head of DG Media Network (DGMN) operations, was recently named as one of Path to Purchase’s 2022 Women of Excellence winners in the Innovator category. Approval process usually takes 3-5 minutes, but may take an hour. Ingo reserves the right to recover losses resulting from illegal or fraudulent use of Ingo Money. Money in Minutes: Ingo Fees are 1% of approved check amount for preprinted payroll & government checks 4% of approved check amount for other check types $5 minimum. Checks are subject to approval for funding in Ingo’s sole discretion dollar limits and other restrictions apply. ![]() Use of Ingo Money is subject to the Ingo Money Service Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy of Ingo and First Century Bank. The Ingo Money service is provided by First Century Bank, N.A. Unapproved checks will not be loaded into your account. See your Money Network Service Account Holder Agreement or call the number on back of your Card for more information.Ĥ If you are successfully enrolled in the Ingo ™ Money Service (Ingo Money) through the Money Network Mobile App, you can use Ingo Money to load an approved check into your Money Network account net of any applicable Ingo Fees. ![]() If so, we will need to verify your identity and a new fee schedule with different and/or additional fees will apply to your Account. See your Fee and Transaction Limit Schedule for more details.ģ An Account upgrade may be necessary. These provisions limiting your liability do not apply to debit transactions not processed by Mastercard or to unregistered cards.ġ Certain transaction and service fees and costs may be associated with the use of this feature. *** Under Mastercard’s Zero Liability Policy, your liability for unauthorized transactions on your Card Account is $0.00 if you notify us promptly upon becoming aware of the loss or theft, and you exercise reasonable care in safeguarding your Card from loss, theft, or unauthorized use. Consult issuer for additional details or click here to learn more. Cardholder must notify issuer promptly of any unauthorized use. ** Visa's Zero Liability policy covers U.S.-issued cards only and does not apply to ATM transactions, PIN transactions not processed by Visa, or certain commercial card transactions. For more information, see the Money Network Account Holder Agreement. ![]() * To minimize losses, Cardholder must notify Money Network promptly of Card loss or compromise of the Card Account. App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc. Apple, the Apple logo, iPhone, and iPad are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google LLC. The Money Network Card is accepted everywhere Visa debit cards are accepted. Mastercard is a registered trademark, and the circles design is a trademark of Mastercard International Incorporated. Inc and by Mastercard International Incorporated. Money Network ® Checks and Money Network ® Cards are issued by Pathward, N.A., Member FDIC, pursuant to a license from Visa U.S.A. All trademarks, service marks and trade names referenced in this material are the property of their respective owners. To see the features available to you, please log in to the Money Network Mobile App and view your navigation menu, or log into your Account online and view your dashboard. ![]() Your primary physician will document all mental or physical impairments that may affect your ability to safely operate a motor vehicle on your Learner’s Permit Application form. Your Non-commercial Learner’s Permit Application ( Form DL-180).Can include lease records, tax forms, or other options from List B.1 item from List A (such as a birth certificate or passport).You must submit the following documentation: When you complete these steps, you must prove your identity and your residency in Pennsylvania at the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) Driver and Vehicle Services. You will also need an exam from a licensed physician, physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or chiropractor. You can use the Pennsylvania Driver’s Manual to study for the required exams. In the Keystone state, you must be at least 16 years and 6 months of age to obtain a PA driver’s license. Pennsylvania Driver’s License Requirements Class M driver’s license: issued to individuals at least 16 years of age who have demonstrated their ability to operate a motorcycle or motor-driven cycle.Non-commercial Class C driver’s license: issued to individuals at least 16 years old who have demonstrated qualifications to operate a vehicle, except those that require a Class M qualification, and those who do not meet the definitions of Class A or Class B.Non-commercial Class B driver’s license: Required to operate any single vehicle that exceeds 26,000 lbs., such as a motor home that is 26,001 lbs.or more, when the vehicle(s) being towed exceeds 10,000 lbs., such as a recreational vehicle. Non-commercial Class A driver’s license: Required to operate any combination of vehicles that have a gross weight rating of 26,001 lbs.Here’s what you need to know about the types of Pennsylvania driver’s licenses. There are multiple Pennsylvania driver’s licenses. In this article, we will be discussing how to get your Pennsylvania driver’s license, commercial driver’s license, and motorcycle license.Ĭontinue reading to learn how to get your license in Pennsylvania! Types of Pennsylvania Driver’s Licenses ![]() Its high-quality images and stunning 3D visuals are just a taste of the full potential you can enjoy after downloading it. Whether it's for planning a trip, doing research, completing a project, or simply satisfying your curiosity, Google's geographic software will not disappoint you. Google Earth Pro is an exceptional free app that allows you to explore any corner of the planet from the comfort of your computer. 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![]() Well, she said, isn't the cuck supposed to eat that ? I lifted my skirt & sat on cucky's face. I saw him out the door & joined them in the kitchen. She said they did all this while listening to the sounds of Malcolm fucking my brains out upstairs. ![]() Mum spanked him hard, & Sara finally produced her strap on. Sara later told me they bent hubby over the table & fingered his bum hole, & tried putting different items up it. Mum then offered up that Malcolm had fancied me since I was 13 & maybe now was in with a chance ? She suggested that I take Malcolm up to my old room for a chat while mum & Sara took hubby into the kitchen. He took one look at naked Marcus & announced he'd heard all about our situation. A knock at the door and mum let Malcolm from next door in. Mum then proceeded to say she understood why I needed more while looking at cucky's little cock. While the husbands away, the wife will playwith her sons hot friend. 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Wanting to make up for it, she typed a quick note of regret: “I apologize for the typing errow.” It happened way back in the days when typewriters were still commonly used, and perhaps it was the client who pointed out the spelling mistake. The young typist must have been embarrassed. ![]() ![]() The lock latch also pushes in the safety switch so the dishwasher knows the door is closed. The lock latch pulls the door tight and keeps it closed so no water leaks. The dishwasher door latch has 2 purposes. Which parts on a dishwasher can cause the door to NOT close or latch properly? Simply tighten the screw back into place and test to be sure the dishwasher door closes properly. ![]() If this happens the dishwasher door cannot close. Many times a screw may come loose and get in the way of the dishwasher door. Check to be sure the door is not hitting the cabinet or screws under the counter. 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Starcraft Monark Antique Brown / White Boat Decals Pair $ 33.89 ![]() If shipping outside of this area, please inquire about shipping cost before bidding. (KL / 169 C / 9099398) (163) Shipping cost is for the continental United States only (lower 48). For more information regarding this item contact a dealer in your area. It is metallic silver in color and measures roughly 23 7/8" long X 4" wide measured at the longest and widest points. It is new out of original packaging and comes as shown. STARCRAFT MONARK 23 7/8" LONG X 4" WIDE SILVER METALLIC DECAL MARINE BOAT $ 24.95 Whether that is the accurate color name, I do not know. Someone wrote the color as Harley Brown on the box. I have peeled back the top part on one of the Decals so you can see the color. The Decals our old, so I’m not sure how the back adhesive will be when it is pulled off. These are new old stock, Monarch 170 pro decals. StarCraft Marine 1996 Monark Pro 170 Boat Decals NOS 1161496 $ 400.00 We're your port for thousands of hard to find boat parts, original manufacturer's parts and marine surplus. Starcraft Boat Decal Stickers | Monark Antique Brown / White Pair $ 30.13īoat part number 1017693 is a pair of Starcraft Monark vinyl boat decals. ![]() These decals are about 12 inches wide, 4 inches tall, GLOSSY BLACK color, and you get TWO decals in this auction! Made with marine grade OEM high quality vinyl that is 100% waterproof and Uv resistant.All of are decals at saltwater fabrication come with an extra layer of transfer tape that makes themreally easy to apply to any hard surface.Made In USA! IN STOCK SHIP SAME DAY FROM Mississippi. MonArk Vintage Fishing Boat Decals 12" Black 2-Pak $ 10.00 This decal is constructed out of glossy white / red gradient vinyl with a red outline and adhesive backing. Monark Boat Decal | 32 x 5 1/4 Inch White Red Gradient $ 35.19īoat part number 1017694 is a new decal for Monark Boats, part number unavailable. Each decal is a die-cut with high quality, water proof, UV resistant material. MonArk Boats Style II - Fishing & Outdoor Sports -Car/SUV/Truck/Window Vinyl Die-Cut Peel N' Stick Decals. MonArk Boats II - Outdoor Sports - Vinyl Die-Cut Peel N' Stick Decals/Stickers $ 6.95 These decals are constructed out of glossy light beige / teal gradient vinyl with a teal outline and adhesive backing. Monark Pontoon Fishing Boat Decals | Logo Stickers (Pair) $ 22.54īoat part number 1018523 is a new pair of decals for Monark Boats, part number unavailable. They can be applied to any flat or curved surface, indoor or outdoor, adheres to just about any object and is weather and waterproof. MonArk Boats - Fishing & Outdoor Sports -Car/SUV/Truck/Window Vinyl Die-Cut Peel N' Stick Decals. MonArk Boats - Outdoor Sports - Vinyl Die-Cut Peel N' Stick Decals/Stickers $ 6.95 We start by inkjet printing each set individually using a waterproof vinyl sheet, backed by a permanent adhesive. Our mission is to remaster and enhance original OEM insignia to move your boat in to the 21st century. ![]() Here at 9xauto we can help enhance your boats identity. MonArk Boat Oval Sticker set - Name Plate $ 19.95Ģ MonArk Boat Restoration Stickers. THE ONE PIECE DECALS ARE NOT COVERED WITH TRANSFER TAPE, BECAUSE THEY SHOULD BE APPLIED USING WATER AND SOAP AND IT IS ALWAYS BETTER TO NOT USE TRANSFER TAPE IN SUCH CASES. These decals will differ from original ones (size, colors, etc.). STARCRAFT MONARK BOAT LOGO DECALS STICKERS Set of 2 30" LONG $ 42.70Ģx STARCRAFT MONARK BOAT LOGO DECALS STICKERS 30" LONG. MonArk Vintage Fishing Boat Decals 12" Black 2-Pak FREE SHIP + Fish Decal! $ 15.00īuy this decal set and get a FREE Bass Fish Decal! 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Risqué/raunchy, and "pool party" imagery is still allowed, as long as no outright nudity is present, or the content itself isn't too explicit. This rule is being implemented to reduce clutter, as well as increasing the overall quality of the content posted here.Ĭontent that includes pornographic content, and nudity, is strictly forbidden. This will also branch out to cover things such as skin-recolours, and needlessly splitting things across multiple posts where a single post would suffice. Troll posts, and useless posts made just for karma, or attention, will be removed. Low effort posts, and karma-farming is forbidden. We especially do not want this to be misused, and have users putting names on rule breaking skins, in an attempt to get creators under fire. Especially when it's their watermark, and name that is being taken, and put on things. Similar to plagiarism, no one likes it when their stuff is stolen. To be clear, you can post a commissioned skin, and credit the creator, but you cannot mention the fact that it was commissioned.ĭo not use other people’s initials/abbreviations without permission. Furthermore, linking a social media account where commissions are clearly advertised, in an attempt to bypass this rule, is forbidden. This includes advertising commissions, mentioning that a skin was commissioned, or implying a monetary transaction in any way. There are multiple good file-hosting-services that can be used for this, such as Mediafire, Google Drive, MEGA, and DropBox. osk are super useful for this, and make the whole process considerably easier, and quicker. osk files.ĭownloading and sharing skins is so much easier, when they're contained in a single file. Screenshots are still required, even if you have a showcase video linked.ĭownload links have to lead directly to a single-file download, preferably. Screenshots must include gameplay and menus. Posts have to contain screenshots of your skin, through an Imgur album, or similar service. Include a screenshot album when posting a skin or elements. Instead, post a link to the place where it has been released. Pretending to be the creator of skins or elements made by someone else, will result in a ban. If the author did not post their work here, they had their reason to do so. So let's keep it on topic.ĭo not repost someone else’s work without their permission. This is a Subreddit for osu! skins, that's why we're all here. This contains asking for skins, elements and links. |
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